The number of streptococcal shock syndrome (STSS) cases, commonly known as man-eating bacteria, is increasing at the fastest rate in Japan, increasing 2.8 times in one year, the Japan Times reported on the 27th. Infection with STSS can lead to multiple organ failure and limb necrosis, with a fatality rate of up to 30%. Experts urged the public to remain vigilant, especially the elderly, who are at a higher risk of infection.
According to the preliminary report of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Japan, the total number of STSS patients in Japan in 2023 is 941, the highest number since records began in 1999. As of May 12, the total number of patients in Japan this year has reached 851, 2.8 times that of the same period in 2023. The streptococcus causing STSS can be divided into groups A, B and G. The M1UK strain prevalent in the UK in the 2010s is A highly toxic group A strain, and the cases of Group A streptococcus have been increasing in Kanto and other regions of Japan since the second half of 2023. The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare is strengthening surveillance, but whether it is related to the increase of STSS is still unclear.
Streptococcus is mainly spread through human contact and airborne droplets. Infected people are usually asymptomatic, but the bacteria can infiltrate tissues such as blood and muscle, occasionally causing STSS. Initial symptoms include fever and chills, and the infection can progress rapidly, leading to a drop in blood pressure and multiple organ failure leading to a state of shock.
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